Environmental Impacts of Ecotourism in Zimbabwe's National Parks

Abstract

With a focus on sustainability and conservation, ecotourism has developed into a major driver of
global economic growth. But it's still unclear how it impacts on national parks, especially in
Zimbabwe. With a focus on Mana Pools and Hwange National Parks, this study analyzes the
environmental effects of ecotourism operations in Zimbabwe's national parks. The research
employed qualitative methodology, using in-depth interviews with main stakeholders, including
local community members and park authorities. Thematic analysis was applied to interpret the
data, revealing both positive and negative effects of ecotourism. Findings indicate that ecotourism
activities, such as guided safaris, canoeing, birdwatching, and cultural tourism, generate revenue
for conservation and community development. However, these activities also present
environmental problems, such as pollution, disturbance of wildlife, and habitat degradation.
Techniques like strengthening community involvement, enforcing visitor carrying capacities, and
upgrading infrastructure were suggested as ways to lessen these effects. The study emphasizes the
necessity of well-balanced ecotourism regulations that uphold socioeconomic advantages while
giving ecological integrity top priority. Adopting certification programs, enhancing environmental
education, and cultivating alliances for sustainable management are some of the
recommendations.