Advances in Heat Storage(HS) Schemes for Concentrated Solar Power Plants(CSPPs)–A Technical Paper
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60814/jts.v1i2.100Keywords:
Concentrated Solar Heat Power Plants(CSHPP), Latent Heat Storage(LHS), Sensible Heat Storage(SHS), Thermochemical Heat Storage(THS)Abstract
Climate change issues, depletiom of the ozone layer has prompted the development of CSP power plants which do not generate greenhouse gas emissions. The source of heat in CSPs is the infinite, abundant and sustainable renewable solar energy. CSPs replace the front end of fossil fueled power plants but retains the tried and tested backend i.e. power engine which is the same as in coal power stations. Solar energy is only available for a maximum of about 10 hours daily during which there is diurnal and seasonal variability and other factors like cloud cover, rain and humidity levels and hence the need for energy storage to enable 24 hour generation The paper intends to avail an exhaustive, comprehensive and detailed review of the technologies involved in heat energy storage schemes covered by literature comparing their advantages, disadvantages and economic viabilities. The paper goes on to dimenson and size the storage tanks for the various thermal energy storage technologies. This paper recommends tricoupled or tribridized energy storage schemes on a single CSP power plant e.g.
(a) Sensible heat for night and day(diurnal storage or short term storage)
(b) Latent heat for solar diurnal variability and cloud cover(medium term thermal energy
storage) e.g. for weeks
(c) Thermochemical for long term seasonal variability(seasonal heat storage)-long term
storage e.g. months.
All on a single power plant as an effective energy storage scheme! This paper recommends the use of more, stronger and more resliant materials for energy storage tanks such as insulated carbon steel or stainless steel of appropriate thickness to prevent mechanical yield failures due to volumetric expansive forces induced by heat of the storage material therein contained in storage tanks. Engineering material sciences theory and experiemental evidence will assist in the design of storage tanks that has the capacity to withstand stress and tensile forces due to volumetric thermal expansion of storage material. The technical paper identifies thermal energy storage materials for the three storage technologies.
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